This paper presents a look at the historical significance of the Spiro Mounds in Spiro, Oklahoma. The Spiro Mounds exhibit several features that mark them as having extreme significance to archaeologists, yet the Spiro Mounds have a value simply in terms of their historical role in the development of the people in the Ouachita Mountains and among the peoples of the Great Plains. The Spiro Mounds have a high historical significance as they were constructed by many different groups of native peoples at the close of the prehistoric period, which makes the Spiro Mounds ideal for examining the cultural and social development of these many peoples immediately prior to the introduction of the Europeans in the New World. 8 pgs. Bibliography lists 6 sources.